MOSCOW – After reaching out to the Islamic world in speeches in Turkey and Egypt, President Barack Obama sought once more to speak directly to the hearts and minds of another audience that has been hostile to the United States: the Russian public.
Obama's address Tuesday to graduates of an elite Moscow university, part of a generation eager to see Russia's power and influence restored, touched on Russians' suffering in the post-Soviet world and painted a picture of a democratic future.
Just as the president sprinkled his speeches in the Middle East with references to the Quran and partnership with the Muslim world, Obama spoke knowledgeably to Russians about issues close to their hearts.
And he quietly criticized Russia's increasingly authoritarian politics and aggressive foreign policy — without lecturing or accusing the Kremlin.
His words appeared to have a strong impact on the likely future leaders at the New Economic School.
"He speaks in such a way that he doesn't hide the problems behind the words," said Mikhail Filkin, a 20-something graduate of the school, founded in the early 1990s. "He was very persuasive."
Although Obama's speech was not broadcast live on major TV networks, it appeared to speak powerfully to the hopes and fears of many of those who heard it in person. And it reached ordinary Russians through extensive news coverage throughout the day.
Several times, Obama made references that might sound like platitudes anywhere else — but which struck a powerful chord with Russians.
When the president warned that "a great power does not show strength by demonizing and dominating other countries," the students instantly recognized the reference to Russia's war last year with neighboring Georgia.
"I think we have to be more friendly and respectful toward our nearest neighbors," said graduate Diana Lachinova.
Obama called the graduates "the last generation born when the world was divided," and urged them to move beyond the political legacies of the Cold War and Russia's imperial past.
"There is the 20th-century view that the United States and Russia are destined to be antagonists, and that a strong Russia or a strong America can only assert themselves in opposition to one another," he said. "And there is a 19th-century view that we are destined to vie for spheres of influence, and that great powers must forge competing blocs to balance one another. These assumptions are wrong."
Political analyst Nikolai Petrov predicted that the speech "will be accepted very well, not only by this audience, which is not your average audience, but by Russians in general."
Petrov said Obama pushed for Russian reform with diplomatic finesse. "It was done delicately, and at the same time pretty decisively."
Recent opinion polls showed many Russians skeptical or unsure about the new U.S. president.
A Gallup poll conducted this spring showed that 34 percent of Russians disapproved of his administration, while only 20 percent approved and 47 percent either weren't sure or refused to answer. The results were based on face-to-face interviews with 2,042 Russians aged 15 and older, conducted between April and June. The margin of error was plus or minus 2.5 percentage points.
By contrast, Obama has enjoyed adoring crowds in travels across Western Europe, where he is overwhelmingly popular.
EDITOR'S NOTE — Douglas Birch is Moscow bureau chief for the Associated Press. Catrina Stewart covers business for the AP.
of the San Fermin festival in Pamplona.REUTERS/Eloy Alonso
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